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| Registros recuperados: 154 | |
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| SOUMIS,Nicolas; ROULET,Marc; LUCOTTE,Marc. |
| Many potentially harmful pesticides for both human health and the environment are used in Brazilian Amazon. However, no scientific datum on pesticide usage is presently available for this region. Consequently, it is difficult to assess which substances arc used and in which quantities. As an important premise for future work on pesticide contamination in the county of Santarém (State of Pará, Brazil), a survey was conducted in order to qualify and quantify the use of some pesticides in this region. This investigation was made between January and March 1997 and August and October 1998 and revealed use of several organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids and carbamates insecticides. Furthermore, many herbicides and fungicides were listed. These pesticides are... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Pesticides; Consumption; Utilization. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672000000400615 |
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| Adelaja, Adesoji O.; Sullivan, Kevin P.; Hailu, Yohannes G.; Govindasamy, Ramu. |
| Using an augmented profit function framework designed to account for externalities related to chemical use in agriculture, this paper explains the chemical use choices of farmers in an urban fringe farming environment. It further estimates empirical logit models of reduced insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, and fertilizer usage. Results suggest that farmers who perceive their regulatory environment to be strict, who have experienced right-to-farm conflicts, and who have farms larger in size are more likely to reduce their chemical use over time, vis-à-vis other farmers. The results also suggest the importance of other farm structural and business climate factors in determining chemical use reduction choices. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Chemical use; Sustainable agriculture; Herbicides; Fungicides; Fertilizer; Pesticides; Urban fringe; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95646 |
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| Portier, R; Meyers, S. |
| The environmental effect and fate of several agricultural and industrial source toxicants were evaluated in controlled laboratory microcosm systems in the presence of the aminopolysaccharide polymer, chitin. Toxicants examined included methyl parathion, phenol, pentachlorophenol, 2,4 dichlorophenol, 1,2 dichloroethane and Kepone. Microcosm operating parameters, including pH/Eh, salinity, temperature, flow rate and sediment/water interface conditions, were based on comparable in situ measurements. Fate analysis predictions were based on mineralization of the parent toxicant compound as measured by chromatographic analysis or super(14)CO sub(2) expiration. Chitin, amended to continuous flow microcosms, promoted either cometabolic or cooxidative... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Controlled conditions; Chemical pollutants; Industrial wastes; Pesticides; Metabolism; Food webs; Biodegradation; Ecosystems; Microorganisms; Environmental effects; Brackishwater pollution; Estuaries; Toxicants; Chitin. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-1011.pdf |
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| Gagnaire, Beatrice; Gay, Melanie; Huvet, Arnaud; Daniel, Jean-yves; Saulnier, Denis; Renault, Tristan. |
| To assess the impact of pollution induced by pesticides on Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, health in France, in vivo effects of combined pesticide exposure and bacterial challenge on cell activities and gene expression in hemocytes were tested using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. As a first step, an in vivo model of experimental contamination was developed. Pacific oysters were exposed to a mixture of eight pesticides (atrazine, glyphosate, alachlor, metolachlor, fosetyl-alumimium, terbuthylazine, diuron and carbaryl) at environmentally relevant concentrations over a 7-day period. Hemocyte parameters (cell mortality, enzyme activities and phagocytosis) were monitored using flow cytometry and gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR (RT-PCR).... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Gene expression; Flow cytometry; Vibrio splendidus; Pathogenesis; Phagocytosis; Hemocyte; Pesticides; Bivalve immunity; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3022.pdf |
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| Akcha, Farida; Arzul, Genevieve; Rousseau, Sabrina; Bardouil, Michele. |
| The alkaline comet assay was tested on different microalgae: the clinofiagellates, Karenia mikimotoi and Alexandrium minuturn, and the diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. The microalgae were exposed during their exponential growth to the model direct genotoxicant, hydrogen peroxide (1 h, 5 and 100 pM H2O2). Following H2O2 exposure, the comet assay was validated only for K. mikimotoi for which genotoxicity was observed from the lowest tested concentration of 5 pM with a concentration-dependent effect. C. gracilis was too small in size (4 mu m) to be correctly analysed. For A. minuturn, our lysis buffer was not strong enough to digest the cellulosic thecal plates. For K. mikimotoi, the comet assay was thus applied for the study of the genotoxic effects of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Pesticides; Phytoplankton. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4504.pdf |
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| PASINI,R.A.; PAZINI,J.B.; GRÜTZMACHER,A.D.; RAKES,M.; ARMAS,F.S.. |
| ABSTRACT: The selectivity of eight herbicides registered for use in the wheat crop was assessed on the predators Chrysoperla externa and Eriopis connexa. Bioassays were conducted in the laboratory by exposing larvae, eggs, and pupae of these predators to dry residues of the herbicides 2,4-D amine, bentazon, glyphosate 1.200, glyphosate 1.440, ammonium glufosinate, iodosulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, and pyrimidinedione. The herbicide ammonium glufosinate was classified as moderately harmful (class 3) to the larval stage of both predators. In the egg stage, only metsulfuron-methyl showed a reduction in larval hatching higher than 30% and was classified as slightly harmful (class 2) to eggs of E. connexa. The herbicide 2,4-D amine was classified as... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Biological control; Chemical control; Triticum aestivum. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100334 |
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| Oliveira,Carolina Natali de; Neves,Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro; Kawazoe,Lídio Sueki. |
| Microbial control in integrated pest management (IPM) programs of coffee plantations is an important factor for the reduction of pest population densities. The use of selective pesticides can be associated with entomopathogens, increasing the efficiency of the control and reducing the use of required insecticides. The in vitro fungitoxic effect of insecticide formulations of Thiamethoxam, Cyfluthrin, Deltamethrin, Alpha-Cypermethrin, Triazophos, Chlorpyrifos, Fenpropathrin and Endosulfan and Beauveria bassiana (CG 425 strain) was evaluated at three concentrations (FR = average field recommendation; 0.5 ´ FR and 2 ´ FR). Effects of these products on conidia germination, vegetative growth and sporulation were compared. Only five insecticides, at the FR... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Microbial control; Toxic effect; Pesticides. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162003000400009 |
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| Rinaldi,Isabela Maria Piovesan; Ruiz,Gustavo Rodrigo Sanches. |
| The spider fauna composition of three rubber tree commercial plantations in the Northwest part of São Paulo State, Brazil, was characterized for both canopy and litter strata. On seven occasions from April 2000 to October 2001, samples were taken by beating sheet and hand capture, resulting in a total of 946 individuals, belonging to 24 families and 119 species. The most common species were Italaman santamaria Brescovit, 1997 and Teudis sp. (Anyphaenidae), Castianeira sp. and Falconina aff. gracilis (Corinnidae), Paracleocnemis sp. (Philodromidae), Ibotyporanga naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944 (Pholcidae), Chira spinipes (Taczanowiski, 1871) and Rudra sp. (Salticidae), Achaearanea hirta (Taczanowiski, 1873) and Coleosoma floridanum (Banks, 1900) (Theridiidae)... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Spiders; Hevea brasiliensis; Guilds; Biodiversity; Pesticides. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752002000300016 |
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| Fuglie, Keith O.. |
| Adoption of conservation tillage can lead to substantial environmental benefits from reduced soil erosion. But benefits may be partially offset if adoption increases reliance on agricultural chemicals. Using area study data from the Cornbelt, this study examines factors affecting adoption of no-till and other conservation tillage systems and their effect on chemical use and corn yield. The results find no evidence that herbicide or fertilizer application rates are higher on fields with conservation tillage systems compared with conventional tillage. However, insecticide use may increase somewhat and yield may be lower. Current demographic trends in U.S. agriculture favor continued diffusion of conservation tillage. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Multinomial logit model; Pesticides; Technology adoption; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15138 |
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| SILVA, P. T. de S. e; SILVA, G. de S.; AMORIM JÚNIOR, A. C.; ALBUQUERQUE JÚNIOR, E. C. de; CUNHA, T. J. F.; MOURA, M. S. B. de. |
| A videira (Vitis vinifera L.) é uma das mais importantes culturas da região do Submédio do Vale do São Francisco. Os insumos agrícolas utilizados para o seu desenvolvimento e controle fitossanitário podem acarretar risco de contaminação aos recursos hídricos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de contaminação das águas superficiais e subterrâneas pelos agrotóxicos empregados na produção de uva, utilizando o Índice de GUS (Groundwater Ubiquity Score) e o método de Goss. Para isso, foi realizado um levantamento dos principais agrotóxicos utilizados na região estudada, por meio de questionários e foi verificado a sua classificação toxicológica e ambiental. Foi observado que mais de 50% dos agrotóxicos utilizados nas áreas de videira,... |
| Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) |
Palavras-chave: Contaminação da água; Índice de GUS; Método de Goss; Videira; Vitivinicultura; Uva; Agrotóxico; Solo; Fertilidade do Solo; Resíduo Quimico; Vitis Vinifera; Grapes; Water resources; Pesticides. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1088285 |
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| Coat, Sophie; Bocquene, Gilles; Godard, Eric. |
| Martinique is a French overseas department whose economy relies heavily on agriculture. Organochlorine pesticides, mainly chlordecone, were used for banana cultivation to eradicate banana weevil over a period of 40 years. Chlordecone is chemically stable,and has a strong affinity for fatty tissues. It is therefore able to bioaccumulate in animals and thereby represent a threat to ecosystems and man. Soils from banana plantations in Martinique are heavily contaminated with chlordecone. Possible transfer of these molecules from agricultural watersheds to the aquatic environment and the organisms that live in it is feared. The hypothesis that ecosystems of Martinique might be highly contaminated with this organochlorine pesticide was investigated. Chlordecone... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: W Atlantic; Caribbean Islands; Food web; Aquatic organisms; Chlordecone; Contamination; Pesticides. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1662.pdf |
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| MACEDO,D.F.; DOURADO JR.,S.M.; NUNES,E.S.; MARQUES,R.P.; MORETO,J.A.. |
| ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to demonstrate a detailed study of the controlled release of the herbicide Tebuthiuron (TBH) encapsulated in microparticles of calcium alginate (Ca-ALG), to evaluate the phytotoxicity in different concentrations of herbicide (4, 6 and 8 g L-1), and their correlation with the depth of leaching using bioindicator plants. The Ca-ALG microparticles were prepared from the crosslinking of sodium alginate by Ca++ containing varied amounts of TBH supplied in calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solution. The results showed that TBH herbicide, when encapsulated, leached to shallow depths relative to the conventional, non-encapsulated herbicide (which moved to a depth of 40-50 cm). The concentration of 4 g L-1 was the one that leached... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Biodegradable polymer; Environmental impact; Encapsulation; Agriculture. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100266 |
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| Dupraz, Valentin; Stachowski-haberkorn, Sabine; Wicquart, Jérémy; Tapie, Nathalie; Budzinski, Hélène; Akcha, Farida. |
| Pesticides used in viticulture create a potential risk for the aquatic environment due to drift during application, runoff and soil leaching. The toxicity of sixteen pesticides and one metabolite were evaluated on the growth of two marine microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea and Skeletonema marinoi, in 96-h exposure assays conducted in microplates. For each substance, concentrations of stock solutions were analytically measured and abiotic assays were performed to evaluate the chemical stability of pesticides in microplates. For two chemicals, microalgae exposures were run simultaneously in microplates and culture flasks to compare EC50 calculated from the two exposure systems. Results from chemical analyses demonstrated the low stability of hydrophobic... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microalgae; Microplates; Screening; Pesticides; Toxicity; Exposure characterisation. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00474/58558/61113.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 154 | |
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